puoliakselia

Puoliakseli, in automotive engineering, refers to a drive shaft segment that transmits torque from the differential or transaxle to a wheel hub. Each driven wheel is connected to the drivetrain by a half-axle, which must accommodate steering, suspension movement and, in many cars, all-wheel-drive power distribution.

A typical half-axle consists of a central shaft with a constant-velocity (CV) joint at the wheel end and another CV joint at the transmission or differential end. It is usually protected by rubber CV boots that keep grease in and dirt out. The half-axle is connected to the wheel hub via a splined interface and is supported by wheel bearings.

In front-wheel-drive cars, a pair of half-axles extends from the transaxle to the front wheels. In all-wheel-drive and some four-wheel-drive layouts, additional half-shafts may connect to the rear axle or be arranged in two-piece designs with a center support bearing or differential arrangement. The inner joints must accommodate steering and suspension travel, and CV joints are commonly of the Rzeppa or tripod type.

Common issues with puoliakselit include torn or cracked CV boots, which allow grease leakage and accelerate joint wear. Noises such as clicking or popping during turns often indicate worn outer CV joints, while vibrations can signify a worn shaft or imbalanced assembly. Replacement typically involves installing a new half-axle assembly that includes the CV joints and boots.

Puoliakselit are standard components in modern passenger cars, enabling front-wheel drive and various all-wheel-drive configurations. Their longevity depends on protecting CV boots, maintaining proper lubrication, and addressing joint wear promptly.