tripod

A tripod is a three-legged stand used to support devices such as cameras, telescopes, surveying instruments, lighting equipment, or microphones. The three legs provide stability by distributing weight over three contact points with the ground, making tripods suitable for uneven surfaces. The term tripod derives from Latin tri- "three" and Greek pous "foot".

Most tripods consist of a head mounted on a central hub with three extendable legs. The legs telescope or fold and are secured by twist locks, flip locks, or clamps. A center column raises or lowers the load, while some designs omit a center column for stability at low angles. The top accepts a mounting head, such as a quick-release plate.

Materials include aluminum, steel, carbon fiber, and wood. Head types range from pan-and-tilt and ball heads to fluid heads used in video work. Tripods are selected by maximum load capacity, maximum height, and stiffness. Accessories can include leg spikes for outdoor use, rubber feet, and leg spreaders for stability when extended.

Common applications are photography and videography, astronomy, surveying, and as stands for studio lighting or microphones. Compared with monopods, tripods offer greater stability but are heavier and less portable.

The modern photographic tripod emerged in the 19th century with the development of portable cameras, and evolving materials and locking mechanisms have improved stability and ease of use in the 20th and 21st centuries.