pronaatsioon

Pronaation is a term used in anatomy and biomechanics to describe the inward rolling motion of the foot as it lands during gait. This motion is a natural and necessary part of the walking and running cycle, allowing the foot to absorb shock and adapt to uneven surfaces. When the foot strikes the ground, the ankle everts (rolls outward) and the arch flattens, which is pronation. This is followed by supination, where the foot rolls inward and the arch becomes more rigid, preparing for push-off.

There are different degrees of pronation. Neutral pronation is considered ideal, where the foot rolls inward a healthy amount. Overpronation occurs when the foot rolls inward excessively. This can lead to increased stress on the foot, ankle, and lower leg, potentially contributing to conditions such as shin splints, plantar fasciitis, and knee pain. Underpronation, also known as supination, is when the foot doesn't roll inward enough, causing less shock absorption and potentially leading to stress fractures and ankle sprains.

Several factors can influence pronation, including foot structure (e.g., high arches or flat feet), genetics, muscle strength and flexibility, and footwear. Biomechanical assessments by healthcare professionals can help determine an individual's pronation pattern and identify any potential issues. Treatment or management strategies often involve strengthening and stretching exercises, orthotic inserts, and appropriate footwear to support the foot and correct biomechanical imbalances.