problemsbased

Problemsbased is a term used to describe instructional approaches in which learning is driven by the investigation and resolution of real-world problems. It denotes a learner-centered, inquiry-focused method in which problems, rather than direct instruction, initiate the learning process. Although the phrase is not as widely standardized as problem-based learning (PBL), it is often used interchangeably with PBL or as a variant emphasizing problem-driven inquiry.

Core features typically include collaborative small-group work, a facilitator or tutor guiding rather than lecturing, and an emphasis on developing problem-solving skills, self-directed learning, and the ability to apply knowledge in novel contexts. In problemsbased activities, learners identify what they need to learn to address the problem, formulate learning objectives, undertake independent or guided study, and then synthesize information to propose solutions or explanations. Assessment often combines formative feedback during the process with summative evaluation of problem resolution and learning outcomes, using rubrics, portfolios, or performance tasks.

Origins and scope: problemsbased approaches gained prominence in professional education, notably medicine, during the latter half of the 20th century and have since spread to many disciplines, including education, engineering, business, and social sciences. While closely related to problem-based learning, problemsbased may emphasize the problem as the primary driver of curriculum design rather than separate problem-solving activities bundled within a traditional course.

Benefits and challenges include the development of critical thinking, collaboration, and transfer of knowledge, balanced against demands for skilled facilitation, significant upfront curriculum design, and possible variability in learning experiences.