poulticing

A poultice is a soft, moist mass of material applied to the surface of the body to relieve pain and inflammation, or to draw out impurities. It is typically applied warm and kept in place with a cloth or bandage, remaining moist for a period of time. Poultices are distinguished from dry compresses by their moist, often semifluid consistency.

Poultices are prepared by softening or mashing materials in hot water or steam, then spreading the mixture or wrapping it in a cloth. Common ingredients include herbal materials such as chamomile, plantain, or comfrey, as well as traditional bases like bread, oatmeal, clay, or ground seeds. The material is heated to a comfortable temperature, placed on the affected area, and covered to maintain warmth and moisture.

Historically, poultices have been used for sprains and muscle aches, chest congestion, skin conditions, and feverish illnesses. In some traditions, they were believed to draw out swelling or infections; in others, they primarily provided local warmth and moisture. In modern contexts, poultices are generally considered complementary or traditional remedies rather than primary medical treatments.

Safety and limits: Do not apply poultices to broken skin, open wounds, severe burns, or active infections without medical advice. Some ingredients can irritate the skin or provoke allergies; test a small area first and discontinue use if redness, itching, or pain develops. They should be used with caution in children and the elderly, and should not replace professional care when symptoms persist or worsen.