podkovy

Podkovy is the Czech term for horseshoes, the metal shoes fitted to the hooves of horses, ponies, and some other hoofed animals. The plural podkovy is commonly used, while podkova is the singular form. Horseshoes are used to protect the hoof, distribute weight, prevent wear on hard surfaces, and improve traction in various conditions. The practice dates back to ancient times and became widespread in Europe during the Middle Ages, evolving with advances in metalworking and farriery. Today, podkovy remain a standard part of hoof care for many riding, driving, and work horses.

A farrier trims the hoof and shapes a horseshoe to fit the individual hoof. The shoe is then nailed to the exterior of the hoof wall through holes toward the rim. Shoes can be made from steel or other metals, with aluminum and titanium offering lighter options for performance horses. There are also specialty variants, including bar shoes, rim shoes, toe clips, and clip-on or glue-on styles for specific medical or performance needs. Traction aids such as studs or snow/ice devices may be used in challenging conditions.

Care and maintenance are essential. Shoes are typically worn several weeks at a time and replaced as the hoof grows and the shoe wears. Improper shoeing or poor hoof balance can lead to lameness or hoof injury, making regular, professional farriery important. In some cases, horses are kept barefoot or receive alternative protection depending on activity, climate, and hoof health.