pheran

Pheran, also spelled phiran, is a traditional Kashmiri winter garment worn by both men and women. It is a loose, ankle- to knee-length robe that covers the body and is typically worn over everyday clothing. The design is adapted to the cold climate of the Kashmir Valley, providing warmth and freedom of movement.

Historically made from wool and lined for insulation, pherans can also be crafted from lighter fabrics in warmer weather. They are usually plain or subtly decorated, with front openings secured by buttons or knots, and often feature side slits for ease of movement. Some pherans are hooded or tailored with pockets. Traditional versions may be richly woven or appliquéd, and in many cases are finished with Kashmiri embroidery, such as kalamkari-inspired motifs, or more elaborate Kashida and kani-style embroidery.

Cultural significance is tied to seasonality and regional identity. Pherans are commonly worn in winter, during daily activities and festive occasions alike, and they are a recognizable element of Kashmiri dress. They also appear in regional textile traditions and crafts, reflecting local artisanship and style variations.

In modern times, pherans are produced for both local wear and tourism, ranging from simple, affordable wool coats to luxury pashmina or embroidered versions. They retain their status as a practical, culturally rooted garment, adaptable to contemporary fashion while preserving traditional aesthetics.