noncustodial

Noncustodial is an adjective used to describe arrangements or statuses in which a person is not in the custody of an institution or authority. The term appears in several domains—criminal justice, family law, and technology—and generally implies that control or supervision is exercised outside a central or state facility.

In criminal justice, a noncustodial disposition involves supervising the individual in the community rather than detaining them in jail or prison. Examples include probation, parole, house arrest, electronic monitoring, community service, or fines. Noncustodial measures balance public safety with rehabilitation and cost considerations, and eligibility depends on factors like offense seriousness, flight risk, and prior record.

In family law, a noncustodial parent is the parent who does not have primary physical custody of a child. This parent may retain visitation rights and is often obligated to pay child support, subject to custody orders that define access, decision-making rights, and financial responsibilities.

In cryptocurrency and digital assets, a noncustodial (self-custody) approach means the user controls private keys and assets without entrusting a third party. Noncustodial wallets contrast with custodial services that hold keys on behalf of users. Pros include greater control, privacy, and reduced counterparty risk; cons include the burden of secure key management and the risk of loss due to user error.