makos

Makos are a pair of fast, ocean-dwelling sharks known for their speed, agility, and wide distribution in temperate and tropical seas. The two species commonly referred to as makos are the shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) and the longfin mako (Isurus paucus). They are among the fastest sharks in the world, capable of rapid bursts that enable them to chase swift prey.

Description and biology

Makos have streamlined, fusiform bodies with pointed snouts, long, slender pectoral fins, and a crescent-shaped tail that provides powerful propulsion. Their dorsal coloration is dark blue to gray on top, fading to a white or pale underside. Shortfin makos generally reach larger sizes and are more abundant in fisheries than longfin makos. Both species are ovoviviparous, giving birth to live young after internal development.

Distribution and habitat

Makos inhabit open oceans worldwide, from coastal regions to the high seas. They favor offshore, surface-to-slope waters but can dive deeply in search of prey. They are highly migratory, often traveling long distances between feeding and breeding grounds.

Ecology and behavior

As apex predators, makos feed on a variety of fast-moving prey, including tuna, swordfish, other sharks, and squid. They are known for high-speed chases and agile turns, and they frequently leap from the water when pursued or excited.

Conservation

Makos are affected by both targeted fisheries and bycatch in various regions. Management measures in some areas aim to reduce overfishing and bycatch, and conservation status reports typically list the shortfin mako as more at risk than the longfin mako. Ongoing monitoring and international cooperation are used to assess population trends and promote sustainable practices.