levetít

Levetiracetam, commonly known by its brand name Keppra, is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used to treat epilepsy. It functions as an antiepileptic drug (AED) and is also prescribed off-label for other neurological conditions, such as myoclonus, partial seizures, and, in some cases, bipolar disorder. The drug was first approved for medical use in 1999 and is widely prescribed due to its effectiveness and relatively mild side effects compared to older anticonvulsants.

Levetiracetam works by modulating synaptic transmission, specifically by binding to synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A), a protein involved in the release of neurotransmitters. While the exact mechanism is not fully understood, it is believed to reduce the abnormal electrical activity in the brain that causes seizures. The drug is available in oral tablets, extended-release tablets, oral solution, and intravenous forms, allowing for flexible dosing depending on the patient’s needs.

Common side effects of levetiracetam include dizziness, fatigue, headache, and behavioral changes such as irritability or aggression. More serious side effects, though rare, may include suicidal thoughts, severe skin reactions, or liver problems. Due to its potential impact on mood and behavior, levetiracetam is often monitored closely, particularly in pediatric and psychiatric patients.

Levetiracetam is generally well-tolerated and does not significantly interact with many other medications, making it a preferred choice for patients on multiple drugs. However, it is not recommended for use during pregnancy unless clearly necessary, as studies suggest a possible increased risk of congenital malformations. Dosage adjustments may be required in patients with kidney impairment, as the drug is primarily excreted through the kidneys.

As with all medications, levetiracetam should be used under the supervision of a healthcare professional, who will assess its benefits and risks based on individual patient factors. It remains a key treatment option in epilepsy management due to its broad spectrum of activity and favorable safety profile.