Keppra

Keppra is the brand name for the anticonvulsant medication levetiracetam, used to treat seizures in epilepsy. It is marketed worldwide in brand and generic forms.

Medical uses: Keppra is approved as adjunctive therapy for partial-onset seizures in adults and children. It is also used in certain epilepsy syndromes for myoclonic or generalized tonic-clonic seizures, with dosing tailored to age and condition.

Mechanism: The exact mechanism is not fully understood. Levetiracetam binds to the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, modulating neurotransmitter release and reducing neuronal excitability.

Forms and administration: Keppra is available as tablets, an oral solution, and an intravenous formulation. Dosing is individualized by age, kidney function, and seizure type, with gradual titration from a starting dose.

Safety: Common side effects include dizziness, somnolence, fatigue, and irritability. Rare but serious effects include mood or behavior changes and suicidality; hypersensitivity reactions can occur. Abrupt discontinuation is not advised due to risk of seizures.

Interactions and notes: Levetiracetam has minimal interactions with liver enzymes and usually does not affect other antiseizure drugs. It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed, after discussing risks with a clinician. It is excreted in breast milk; discussions about breastfeeding and alternative options may be warranted.