lakkering

Lakkering is the process of applying a lacquer or varnish to a surface to create a protective and decorative film. In Nordic languages, lakkering typically refers to coating a substrate with a clear or pigmented finish based on natural or synthetic resins dissolved in a solvent. The resulting film is hard, smooth, and designed to enhance appearance while protecting against moisture, wear, and UV exposure.

Process and method: Surface preparation is essential and usually includes cleaning, drying, and sanding the substrate. A sealer or primer may be used, especially on porous materials. Coats are applied by brush, spray, or dipping, with drying times between applications. Light sanding between coats improves adhesion and finish quality. The final coat is followed by curing, which can take hours to days depending on product and environmental conditions. Finish options include gloss, satin, and matte.

Types and finishes: Varnishes are often oil-based and create warm-toned, durable films, while lacquers (such as nitrocellulose or acrylic lacquers) cure mainly by solvent evaporation and can achieve very smooth, high-gloss finishes. Water-based lacquers offer lower odor and easier cleanup. Some systems combine features, such as two-component (2K) polyurethanes, which cure chemically for greater hardness and chemical resistance.

Applications and maintenance: Lakkering is widely used on wood furniture and cabinetry, musical instruments, metal parts, automotive components, and decorative arts. Maintenance typically involves gentle cleaning and periodic re-coating to restore protection and gloss. Reapplication may require light sanding to ensure adhesion.

History and scope: Traditional lacquer finishes originate from East Asian craftsmanship, using natural urushi lacquer. Modern lakkering employs synthetic resins and advanced spray techniques, expanding applications across furniture, consumer goods, and industrial coatings.