kipun
Kipun is a concessive conjunction used in some Malay and Indonesian varieties to express contrast, roughly equivalent to “even though” or “although.” It introduces a subordinate clause that presents a condition or circumstance that stands in opposition to what is stated in the main clause.
In standard Indonesian, forms such as meskipun or walaupun are more common in formal writing, while kipun
Grammatically, kipun typically precedes the clause it introduces, linking it to the main clause to highlight
See also: meskipun, walaupun, biarpun. The term’s exact frequency and acceptability can differ among speakers, and