juoksu

Juoksu, or running, is a form of locomotion in which a person rapidly moves on foot by alternating steps, typically covering a distance faster than walking. It is practiced both as everyday activity and as a competitive sport.

In Finnish, juoksu denotes the sport of running within athletics and is used for both recreational running and formal events on track and road. The term reflects the broad range of running activities, from casual jogs to organized races.

Competition and events in juoksu cover track, road, and cross-country formats. Track programs include sprints (100–400 meters), middle-distance events (800–1500 meters), and longer distances (3000, 5000, 10,000 meters). Road running features distances such as the half marathon and marathon, while cross-country runs take place on varied terrains. Internationally, juoksu events are governed by World Athletics and national bodies.

Training and technique for juoksu typically combine base endurance work, tempo runs, and interval training, complemented by strength and mobility exercises. Effective technique emphasizes a relaxed posture, efficient foot strike, and a cadence that minimizes braking forces. Proper footwear and suitable running surfaces contribute to performance and injury prevention.

Physiology and health effects of juoksu include improvements in cardiovascular and metabolic fitness, weight management, and mental well-being. Potential risks involve overuse injuries such as shin splints, tendinopathy, and stress fractures, which are mitigated through gradual progression, adequate rest, and appropriate recovery strategies.

History and notable figures: Juoksu has a strong tradition in Finland, with early to mid-20th-century athletes such as Paavo Nurmi and Hannes Kolehmainen helping to shape the sport and its international appeal.