izquierdas

Izquierdas is a Spanish-language term used to refer collectively to left-wing political movements, parties, and ideologies. It denotes a broad spectrum of groups oriented toward social equality, social justice, and the public provision of welfare, spanning reformist social democrats, socialist and communist currents, anarchist tendencies, and left-wing populism. While there is no single doctrine, common concerns include expanding civil liberties, participatory democracy, and policies aimed at reducing economic inequality.

Ideology and diversity within the izquierda vary widely. Reformist currents seek gradual change through democratic institutions within market economies, whereas more radical strands advocate deeper structural change or overthrow of existing systems. Debates within the left often focus on the role of the state and markets, the pace and methods of reform, and strategies for achieving social aims. Core themes typically include workers’ rights, universal health care and education, progressive taxation, social protection, and international solidarity, with positions on foreign policy and nationalism differing across regions.

Historical development shows the izquierda emerging from labor movements and socialist ideas in the 19th and 20th centuries, expanding into various ideological branches during the Cold War. In the Spanish-speaking world, left movements have formed coalitions and governments at different times, ranging from social-democratic to more radical governments. In the 21st century, left-wing currents in regions such as Spain and Latin America have emphasized social inclusion, anti-corruption, resource nationalism, and efforts to redefine development models.