hypotensiota

Hypotensiota is the Finnish term for hypotension, the condition in which blood pressure is lower than normal. Clinically, hypotension is often defined as a systolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure below 60 mm Hg, especially when accompanied by symptoms. Many people with low readings feel no harm, but hypotension can cause dizziness, fainting, blurred vision, fatigue, or confusion, particularly when moving from reclining to standing.

There are several types. Orthostatic (postural) hypotension occurs after standing and is common in older adults. Neurally mediated (vasovagal) hypotension can cause fainting in response to stress or pain. Hypotension can also arise from acute events such as severe bleeding, sepsis, heart failure, or heart rhythm problems, and from medications that lower blood pressure.

Common causes include dehydration, reduced blood volume from bleeding, endocrine disorders (such as adrenal insufficiency or thyroid problems), pregnancy, and medications (antihypertensives, diuretics, nitrates, or certain antidepressants). Other contributing factors can include prolonged bed rest, malnutrition, and cardiovascular or neurological conditions.

Diagnosis relies on repeated low readings, often taken in different positions, and assessment of symptoms and medical history. Doctors may perform orthostatic testing and evaluate for underlying conditions or medications contributing to hypotension.

Treatment aims to address the underlying cause and may include increasing fluid and salt intake (when appropriate), compression stockings, and gradual position changes. In certain cases, medications to raise blood pressure, such as short-acting decongestants or other agents, may be used under medical supervision. Severe hypotension requires urgent medical attention.