gynecoid

Gynecoid is a term used in human anatomy and physical anthropology to describe the typical female pelvis morphology. The word derives from Greek roots meaning “woman” and “form.” The gynecoid pelvis is the most common pelvic type in humans and is often described as most favorable for vaginal birth, although childbirth outcomes depend on many factors beyond anatomy.

Anatomically, the gynecoid pelvis is characterized by a circular or rounded pelvic inlet, a wide and spacious pelvic outlet, and a broad subpubic angle. The iliac bones flare outward, the sacrum is relatively short and less curved, and the ischial spines sit fairly apart, contributing to a roomy birth canal. The overall shape supports adequate expansion during labor.

In clinical and anthropological contexts, the gynecoid type is contrasted with other pelvic types such as android (heart-shaped inlet with a narrower outlet), anthropoid (oval inlet elongated anteroposteriorly), and platypelloid (transversely wide but shallow). Prevalence varies by population and individual development, and many people with non-gynecoid pelvises may still have successful vaginal deliveries. The classification serves as a general reference in obstetrics, anatomy, and forensic contexts rather than a strict determinant of obstetric outcome.