gurudwaras

Gurudwaras are Sikh houses of worship and community centers. The term gurudwara means 'gateway to the Guru.' The central feature is the Guru Granth Sahib, the eternal guru, installed on a raised throne in the sanctum known as the Darbar Sahib. Hymns from the scripture are sung (kirtan) and read by a granthi. Services typically begin in the morning and include recitation of Nitnem prayers, congregational singing, and discourse.

Gurudwaras are open to people of all backgrounds; visitors are expected to remove shoes, cover their heads, and wash their hands before entering as a sign of respect. A defining practice is langar, a free kitchen serving meals to all, regardless of caste, creed, or gender, prepared and served by volunteers under the principle of seva (selfless service).

Architecturally, most gurudwaras have a central prayer hall (often with a sanctum for the Guru Granth Sahib), a Langar Hall for meals, and facilities for study and community activities; many also have a Nishan Sahib flag at the entrance. The Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib) in Amritsar is the holiest gurudwara in Sikhism, visited by millions annually.

Gurudwaras exist around the world, reflecting Sikh diaspora communities. They are typically run by elected or volunteer management committees and emphasize hospitality, charitable work, education, and the communal worship of the Guru Granth Sahib.