gnaphosoids

Gnaphosoids are a superfamily of araneomorph spiders, commonly known as ground spiders or stealthy ground spiders. They are found in almost all regions of the world, with the highest diversity occurring in temperate and tropical areas. These spiders are characterized by their relatively stout bodies, flattened cephalothoraces, and the absence of a cribellum. They typically have eight eyes, arranged in a pattern that aids in their nocturnal hunting.

Gnaphosoids are primarily ground-dwelling spiders, living in leaf litter, under rocks, and in burrows. Many species are nocturnal hunters, relying on their keen eyesight and vibration-sensing abilities to locate prey. Their diet consists mainly of insects and other small arthropods. Some gnaphosoids construct silk retreats or burrows, often reinforced with silk, where they rest during the day and lay their eggs.

The superfamily Gnaphosoidea includes several families, with Gnaphosidae being the largest and most well-known. Other families within the superfamily include families like Prodromidae, Pseudocercopidae, and Trochanteriidae. The classification and relationships within Gnaphosoidea are subjects of ongoing research and can be complex. Their ecological role as predators helps regulate insect populations in various terrestrial habitats.