araneomorph

Araneomorphs, or Araneomorphae, are a large and diverse clade of spiders that comprises the vast majority of described species in the order Araneae. They are one of the two principal subdivisions traditionally recognized within spiders, the other being the Mygalomorphae. Araneomorphs occupy virtually all terrestrial habitats and include many familiar spiders, such as jumping spiders, orb-weavers, wolf spiders, and cellar spiders.

The defining feature of araneomorphs is the arrangement of their chelicerae and fangs. In araneomorphs the two fangs oppose each other and move in a pinching or crosswise action, enabling a rapid and versatile venom delivery. This contrasts with mygalomorphs, whose fangs strike downward in parallel. Araneomorphs also show a wide range of reproductive anatomy and other derived traits, contributing to their immense diversity in form and behavior.

Taxonomically, Araneomorphae is the largest clade of spiders, containing many families such as Salticidae (jumping spiders), Theridiidae (comb-footed spiders), Araneidae (orb-weavers), Lycosidae (wolf spiders), and Pholcidae (daddy-long-legs), among others. The group includes both web-building species and active hunters, and its members employ a spectrum of foraging strategies—from elaborate orb webs to ground-dwelling ambushes and active pursuit.

Ecology and behavior within araneomorphs are highly varied, reflecting their evolutionary success. Silk plays a central role in prey capture, protection, and reproduction, yet the specific uses of silk and web architecture differ markedly among families.