drycow

A dry cow is a dairy cow that is not lactating, entering the dry period between calvings. The dry period typically lasts about 45 to 60 days and ends with calving, when milk production resumes.

Purpose: The dry period allows mammary gland involution and regeneration, reducing mastitis risk and optimizing mammary tissue for the next lactation. Proper management influences milk yield and udder health in the subsequent lactation.

Nutrition and body condition: Dry cows require balanced diets with sufficient fiber, appropriate energy to avoid obesity, and minerals. Management includes monitoring body condition, providing clean water, and gradually adjusting rations as calving approaches.

Dry cow therapy: Farmers may use blanket antibiotic dry-cow therapy or selective therapy based on culture results, often combined with intramammary teat sealants to block infection during the dry period.

Housing and hygiene: Dry cows should have comfortable, well-ventilated housing, clean bedding, and low stocking density to minimize stress and teat contamination.

Health monitoring: Regular checks for metabolic issues such as ketosis, fatty liver, or hypocalcemia are common during the dry period. Vaccination programs may be adjusted for dry cows to protect calves, with consideration for colostrum quality.

Calving transition: In late dry period, gradual dietary shifts prepare the cow for the energy demands of calving and early lactation, supporting a smooth transition to a healthy fresh cow.