dentalorthodontic

Dentalorthodontic, also known as orthodontics within dentistry, is a specialty that focuses on diagnosing, preventing, intercepting, and treating malocclusions and related jaw disharmonies. The primary goals are to achieve proper alignment of teeth, an efficient and functional bite, and stable facial aesthetics. Scope includes coordination of tooth alignment (intra-arch) and correction of jaw relationships (inter-arch), often improving chewing, speech, and long-term dental health.

Diagnosis relies on clinical examination, dental impressions or digital scans, photographs, and radiographs such as panoramic and cephalometric images. Treatment planning integrates dental and skeletal analysis, growth considerations in children, and patient concerns about aesthetics and function. Early interceptive measures may guide skeletal development, while adults may require more comprehensive correction.

Approaches include fixed appliances (metal, ceramic, or lingual braces) and removable options (clear aligners, retainers). Other devices such as palatal expanders, elastics, and, when indicated, temporary anchorage devices assist tooth movement. In complex cases, orthognathic (jaw) surgery followed by postoperative orthodontics may be used. Treatment duration commonly ranges from one to three years, depending on severity, with a retention phase afterward to maintain results.

Outcomes aim for stable occlusion, improved aesthetics, and functional bite. Potential risks include enamel demineralization, root resorption, periodontal issues, relapse if retainers are not used, and patient compliance requirements, especially with removable aligners. Cost and access vary by region.

Practice is performed by orthodontists—dentists who complete additional specialty training. In some regions, general dentists provide orthodontic care within their practice, often under referral, while formal certification or board certification may be required for independent practice in others.