coyote

Coyote (Canis latrans) is a mammal of the family Canidae native to North America. It ranges from southern Alaska and Canada to central Mexico and has expanded into parts of the United States and urban areas. The species is highly adaptable, occupying deserts, prairies, forests, mountains, and increasingly suburban environments.

Adult coyotes weigh about 7 to 20 kilograms (15–44 pounds) and measure roughly 40 to 60 centimeters (16–24 inches) at the shoulder, with a long, slender body and a relatively long legs. Their coat is typically grayish to reddish-brown with a lighter belly and a black-tipped tail. Ears are large and pointed. They resemble a smaller gray wolf or large shepherd dog, but tend to have a more slender build and a more arched back when running.

Coyotes are opportunistic omnivores. Their diet includes small mammals, rabbits, birds, insects, fruits, and carrion; in urban areas they may scavenge garbage or feed on domestic animals when opportunity permits. They often live alone, in family groups, or in loose social associations, with a territory defended against others. Breeding occurs in winter, with a typical litter of 4 to 9 pups. The den is usually a shallow burrow or natural cavity. Vocalizations such as howls, yips, and barks are used for communication within the group and for signaling.

Coyote populations have expanded as pack competition has diminished and human-modified landscapes create new niches. They are considered mesopredators and can influence populations of small mammals, birds, and other prey. Threats include disease and conflicts with livestock, prompting management measures such as securing food sources, fencing, hazing, and humane deterrents. In many Indigenous cultures, the coyote appears as a prominent figure in myths and folklore, often portraying cleverness or trickery. The species is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN.