caravans

A caravan is a vehicle or trailer designed for accommodation, used for travel, camping, or temporary housing. In British English, a caravan usually refers to a towed trailer, while in American English the term more commonly describes a travel trailer or a motorized recreational vehicle. Caravans are typically categorized as towable caravans and motor caravans (self-propelled campers).

Towable caravans are towed by a passenger vehicle or truck and are stationary at a campsite when in use. Motor caravans, also called motorhomes or camper vans, combine a driving cab with living space and are self-contained. Interiors generally include a kitchen or kitchenette, a seating area, sleeping facilities, and often a bathroom. Larger models may feature multiple sleeping areas, fixed furniture, built-in water and waste systems, electrical supply, heating, and sometimes air conditioning. Construction commonly involves aluminum or fiberglass exterior skins with a steel or composite chassis, with lightweight materials to improve fuel economy and ease of towing.

Historically, caravanning began as a leisure activity in 19th-century Britain and grew in popularity in the mid-20th century with mass production in the United States and Europe. This led to standardized tow hitches, braking systems, and the emergence of caravan parks and dedicated camping infrastructure.

Regulation and safety considerations include vehicle registration, insurance, and adherence to road-safety standards. Towing requires appropriate hitching, braking capacity, weight distribution, and adherence to maximum gross vehicle weight ratings. Ongoing maintenance—tire condition, electrical systems, and propane or gas appliances—contributes to safe operation and comfortable use.

Modern trends emphasize lightweight materials, aerodynamic design, solar power, and energy-efficient amenities. Caravans continue to offer flexible, self-contained accommodation for recreational travel and seasonal living in many regions.