tow

Tow is a term with several related meanings in English. As a verb, to tow means to pull or haul behind something, typically using a vehicle. As a noun, tow can refer to the line, rope, or chain used to tow something, or to the act of towing itself. In textile contexts, tow denotes the short, broken fibers left after processing flax, hemp, or other bast fibers; these fibers are used to make rope, twine, or paper pulp.

In textiles, tow fibers are coarser and shorter than the long fibers used for fine yarns. They are produced during processing by removing long fibers and collecting the remaining material. Tow is often spun or processed into rope or cordage, and historically has also been used in papermaking as a source of fiber.

In transportation, towing describes pulling a vehicle or object with another vehicle. Towing requires appropriate equipment and safety measures. Common devices include tow hitches, tow bars, safety chains, and lighting requirements for caravans or trailers. Tow vehicles may use different systems such as flatbed, wheel-lift, or hook-and-chain setups, depending on the cargo and local regulations. Towing capacity is determined by the vehicle’s design and hitch configuration, and correct weight distribution and braking are important for safety.

In maritime contexts, towing is performed by tugboats or other powerful vessels connected to a target ship, barge, or object by a towline or hawser. Towage operations support ship docking, salvage, or the movement of disabled vessels, and they involve specialized equipment, procedures, and terminology.

Overall, tow encompasses both a practical method of pulling and several material and industrial uses, from fiber production to road and marine operations.