astmatikere

Astmatikere is the Danish term for people with asthma. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that causes episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The term astmatikere appears in Danish- and Norwegian-language medical literature. In English, the preferred phrasing is "people with asthma" rather than "asthmatics."

Asthma involves airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. Triggers include pollen, dust mites, mold, animal dander, viral infections, exercise, cold air, tobacco smoke, air pollution, and occupational irritants. The condition often begins in childhood but can develop at any age, with genetic factors increasing susceptibility.

Symptoms vary and may occur in episodes: wheeze, coughing (especially at night or with activity), shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Diagnosis relies on history and objective testing, notably spirometry showing reversible obstruction after bronchodilators. Peak flow monitoring and bronchial challenge tests can help in unclear cases.

Management aims to control symptoms, prevent exacerbations, and maintain activity. Long-term control typically uses inhaled corticosteroids; alternatives include leukotriene receptor antagonists or combination therapy with long-acting beta-agonists. Short-acting beta-agonists provide relief during attacks. Severe asthma may require biologic therapies. Regular reviews, correct inhaler technique, vaccination, trigger avoidance, and action plans are essential.

Asthma is common worldwide and affects both children and adults. Its burden varies by region and access to care. Guidelines such as GINA promote a stepwise, patient-centered approach emphasizing education, self-management, and regular follow-up.