anticult

Anticult refers to individuals or groups who actively oppose and campaign against specific religious or spiritual movements, often labeling them as cults. The term "cult" itself is highly contentious and frequently used pejoratively, making the concept of "anticult" equally fraught with differing interpretations and motivations.

The origins of the anticult movement can be traced back to the mid-20th century, gaining significant momentum in the 1970s and 1980s. This period saw the rise of several new religious movements that attracted public attention and concern from parents, former members, and social commentators. Anticult groups often emerged in response to perceived harms associated with these movements, such as alleged psychological manipulation, financial exploitation, and the disruption of family relationships.

Activities undertaken by anticult groups have varied widely. They may include public awareness campaigns, the dissemination of information about specific groups deemed to be cults, support services for families of members, and sometimes direct intervention or deprogramming efforts, though the latter is a controversial practice. The focus is often on highlighting alleged negative aspects of the group's doctrines, leadership, and practices.

Critics of the anticult movement argue that it can be overly broad, leading to the unwarranted stigmatization of minority religions or groups that are simply unconventional. Concerns are also raised about the methods employed by some anticult activists, which can be seen as hostile, biased, and infringing on religious freedom. The line between legitimate concern and undue harassment can be blurred, and the term "anticult" itself is often rejected by those who believe they are simply exercising their right to criticize or oppose groups they find objectionable. The debate surrounding anticult movements is deeply intertwined with discussions about religious freedom, undue influence, and the definition of what constitutes a harmful group.