Wälzsystemen

Wälzsystemen (rolling systems) are mechanical assemblies that transmit motion and forces through rolling contact between mating surfaces rather than sliding contact. By using rolling elements—such as balls, cylindrical or spherical rollers—between inner and outer raceways, these systems reduce friction, wear, and heat, increasing efficiency, load capacity, and service life. They often incorporate cages to separate elements and rely on lubrication and seals to protect against contamination.

Key components include rolling elements, raceways (inner and outer rings), cages or retainers, lubrication, and seals. Subsystems may also comprise linear rolling guides for straight-line motion or cam followers in translating mechanisms. Common types of rolling systems are ball bearings, cylindrical and spherical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, and needle bearings. Linear rolling guides enable precise linear motion in machinery. Selection is guided by factors such as load direction, speed, rigidity, alignment, and environmental conditions.

Applications span a wide range of equipment with rotating or linear motion, including motors, gearboxes, machine tools, pumps, robotics, automotive components, wind turbines, and material-handling systems. Advantages of Wälzsystemen include high stiffness and precision, high-speed capability, and favorable life-to-size ratios, especially when properly lubricated and maintained. They are typically more efficient than sliding bearings under similar loads and speeds.

Design and maintenance considerations cover choosing the appropriate bearing type and size, ensuring proper preload or clearance, managing misalignment, and controlling temperature. Sealing, lubrication method (grease or oil), and contamination control are critical. Regular maintenance—lubrication scheduling, seal inspection, and condition monitoring—helps maximize reliability and lifespan. Standards from ISO, DIN, ABMA, and JIS govern dimensions and performance.