Waterers

A waterer is a device or receptacle designed to provide drinking water for animals or to supply water for plants. Waterers range from simple bowls and troughs to engineered systems such as gravity-fed reservoirs, float-valve troughs, nipple drinkers and automatic dispensers. In horticulture, the term also encompasses self-watering pots, soaker hoses and drip-irrigation emitters that regulate moisture for plant roots.

Types of animal waterers are often species- and setting-specific. Poultry waterers commonly use inverted jars or nipple systems to reduce contamination, while livestock waterers may employ large troughs with float valves or heated units for cold climates. Pet waterers include gravity feeders, fountains that aerate water, and automated timed dispensers. Materials used include plastics, stainless steel, concrete and ceramics, chosen for durability, ease of cleaning and resistance to corrosion.

Design considerations include preventing contamination, maintaining an adequate flow or reservoir volume, minimizing waste, and protecting water from freezing or overheating. Proper maintenance—regular cleaning, inspection of valves and seals, and protection from pests—reduces disease risk and prolongs equipment life. Some systems incorporate filtration or chlorination when water quality is a concern.

Waterers play a role in animal welfare, agricultural productivity and water conservation through designs that minimize spillage and evaporation. Regulatory standards and best practices vary by region and species, addressing factors such as accessibility, sanitation and safe materials.