Vezetrendszer

Vezetrendszer is a Hungarian term used in engineering to denote a system that controls and coordinates the operation of a machine or process. It governs motion, force, speed, torque, and position by converting inputs (setpoints, operator commands) and sensor feedback into commands for actuators. In practice, a vezetrendszer integrates mechanical, electrical, and software components to achieve desired performance.

The core components are sensors, actuators, a controller, power electronics, and the communication network that links them. The controller runs a control algorithm, often implemented in software, that interprets sensor data, compares it with targets, and outputs actuator signals. Typical control approaches include open-loop control, closed-loop feedback control (e.g., PID), and more advanced methods such as model predictive control or adaptive control.

Architectures can be centralized, distributed, or hierarchical, depending on the complexity and reliability requirements. A vezetrendszer may operate inside a single device, such as a motor drive, or span an entire automation system with multiple subsystems and user interfaces. It often includes safety interlocks and interfaces to other systems, enabling monitoring, diagnostics, and manual override.

Common applications include automotive drive systems (engine or electric motor control, transmission electronics), robotics and CNC machines, conveyor and process automation, and HVAC systems. Challenges involve ensuring stability, robustness to disturbances and faults, low latency, and cybersecurity and safety compliance.