Vanda

Vanda is a genus of orchids in the family Orchidaceae, within the tribe Vandeae and subtribe Aeridinae. It comprises about 70 to 90 described species, valued for their large, colorful flowers and long-lasting blooms. Vandas are primarily epiphytic or lithophytic plants that grow on trees or rocks in tropical Asia and nearby regions.

Morphology and ecology: Vandas are monopodial, meaning they grow from a single vertical stem with leaves arranged in two ranks along the upper part. They lack true pseudobulbs; instead, they rely on thick, fleshy leaves and well-developed aerial roots with a velamen for water absorption. Flowers are produced on long inflorescences, often spread out and highly showy, with a wide range of colors and patterns. The plants favor bright light, warm temperatures, good air circulation, and high humidity. They typically require fast-draining media and can be mounted or grown in baskets.

Distribution: Vanda species are native to tropical Asia, including the Himalayas, Southeast Asia, the Malay Archipelago, and parts of New Guinea and northern Australia. Their natural habitats include forest canopies and exposed trunks in humid environments.

Cultivation and use: Due to their dramatic flowers, vandas are among the most prized orchids in horticulture. They are grown mounted or in baskets, with regular watering during the growing season and a period of drier conditions between waterings. They benefit from bright light, warm temperatures, and routine fertilization with a diluted orchid fertilizer.

Notable species and hybrids: Notable species include Vanda coerulea (blue orchid), Vanda falcata (Japanese Vanda), and Vanda tessellata.Many modern cultivars arise from hybrids within the Vanda alliance, which also includes related genera through intergeneric hybrids.