Theõhuvahemikus

Theõhuvahemikus is a term that translates from Estonian to "air gap". It refers to a physical separation between two conductive objects, such as a circuit board and a chassis, or two components within an electronic device. This gap is intentionally designed to prevent the flow of electricity between these conductive parts. The primary purpose of an air gap is to enhance electrical safety by isolating potentially high-voltage areas from areas that might be accessible to users or sensitive components.

Air gaps are a crucial element in the design of many electronic devices, especially those intended for commercial or consumer use where safety regulations are strict. They act as a form of insulation, relying on the dielectric properties of air to prevent electrical arcing or direct contact that could lead to short circuits or electric shock. The effectiveness of an air gap is determined by its size, which is often specified by safety standards organizations like UL or IEC. These standards take into account factors such as the voltage difference between the conductive parts and the environmental conditions, like humidity, which can affect the insulating properties of air.

In some cases, the air gap might be filled with a non-conductive material, such as a plastic barrier or potting compound, to provide mechanical support or further enhance insulation. However, the fundamental principle remains the same: to create a deliberate space that prevents electrical conduction. The precise measurement and verification of these air gaps are essential during the manufacturing and testing phases of electronic products to ensure compliance with safety requirements and reliable operation.