Szívritmuszavarokból

Szívritmuszavarokból, commonly referred to as arrhythmias, are conditions characterized by irregular heartbeats. This means the heart may beat too fast, too slow, or with an erratic rhythm. These disturbances in the heart's electrical system can affect its ability to pump blood efficiently throughout the body.

There are numerous types of arrhythmias, broadly categorized as supraventricular (originating above the ventricles) and ventricular (originating within the ventricles). Common examples include atrial fibrillation, a rapid and irregular beating of the upper chambers of the heart, and bradycardia, where the heart beats too slowly. Tachycardia refers to a heart rate that is too fast.

The causes of arrhythmias can be varied. They can stem from underlying heart disease, such as coronary artery disease or heart failure. Other contributing factors include high blood pressure, electrolyte imbalances, thyroid problems, certain medications, excessive alcohol consumption, and stress. In some cases, the cause may remain unknown.

Symptoms can range from subtle to severe. Some individuals may experience no noticeable symptoms, while others might feel palpitations, a racing heart, skipped beats, dizziness, shortness of breath, chest pain, or even fainting. The severity of symptoms often depends on the type and duration of the arrhythmia, as well as the individual's overall health.

Diagnosis typically involves an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) to record the heart's electrical activity. Longer-term monitoring, such as with a Holter monitor, may be necessary. Treatment aims to restore a normal heart rhythm, control the heart rate, and prevent complications like stroke. This can involve lifestyle changes, medications, electrical cardioversion, or sometimes surgical procedures like catheter ablation.