Syrphinae

Syrphinae is a subfamily of hoverflies in the family Syrphidae. Members of this subfamily, commonly called syrphid flies, are found worldwide, with the greatest diversity in temperate regions. Adults resemble bees or wasps and are often seen hovering over flowers, where they feed on nectar and pollen and contribute to pollination. They typically have brightly patterned bodies, though there is considerable variation among genera.

A defining feature of many Syrphinae species is their larval stage. The majority of larvae in this subfamily are aphid predators, feeding on aphids and other small soft-bodied insects on plants, which makes them important biological control agents in agriculture and horticulture. This predation is a key ecological role, helping to suppress pest populations. Other syrphid larvae may be saprophagous or feed on plant material or fungal growth, but predation on aphids remains a hallmark of the subfamily.

Systematics and evolution: Syrphinae includes multiple genera grouped into several tribes. The precise composition varies with taxonomy, but the subfamily is recognized as distinct within Syrphidae. Distribution: worldwide; habitats range from meadows and forests to gardens and agricultural fields. Life history: females lay eggs near aphid colonies; larvae hatch, feed, then pupate before emerging as adults. Relationship to humans: these insects are beneficial for pollination and natural pest control, contributing to sustainable agriculture.