Suturering

Suturering is the medical procedure of closing wounds or surgical incisions by placing sutures, or stitches, with a needle and thread to approximate tissue edges. The aim is to promote healing, restore integrity, reduce the risk of infection, and achieve a satisfactory cosmetic result.

Suturering is performed in both acute care and operative settings. Indications include skin lacerations, incisions from surgical procedures, and the repair of tissues such as fascia, vessels, or mucosa. The technique requires sterile technique and, in many cases, local anesthesia; in larger operations, suturing is part of a broader surgical closure plan.

Suture materials are categorized as absorbable or non-absorbable. Absorbable sutures (for example polyglycolic acid, poliglecaprone, polydioxanone) break down in the body over time, while non-absorbable sutures (such as nylon, polypropylene, silk) may need removal later. Sutures can be monofilament (single strand) or braided. The choice of material and needle shape (cutting, tapered, or blunt) depends on tissue type, infection risk, and healing expectations.

Common closure methods include interrupted sutures, a continuous running suture, vertical or horizontal mattress sutures, and subcuticular or intradermal closures. Each technique distributes tension differently and affects healing and scarring. Proper knot tying and avoidance of excessive tension are essential.

Post-procedure care involves keeping the area clean and dry, monitoring for signs of infection, and planning for suture removal when appropriate. Complications can include infection, wound dehiscence, suture reactions, and excessive scarring. Patient factors such as anticoagulation and comorbidities may influence healing and closure choice.