Subluksaatio

Subluksaatio refers to a partial or incomplete dislocation of a joint, where the bones forming the joint are not completely separated but are displaced from their normal alignment. This condition commonly affects joints such as the shoulder, hip, or knee, though it can occur in other articulations as well. Unlike a full dislocation, where the bones are entirely out of place, subluxation involves a partial misalignment that may still allow some degree of joint function.

In the shoulder, subluxation often occurs due to instability caused by trauma, repetitive stress, or underlying conditions like rotator cuff injuries. Symptoms typically include pain, a sensation of joint instability, limited range of motion, and sometimes a noticeable "popping" or "catching" sensation during movement. The hip joint can also subluxate, particularly in cases of developmental dysplasia or following surgical interventions like total hip arthroplasty, where improper positioning or soft tissue imbalances may contribute to instability.

Diagnosis of subluxation usually involves a physical examination to assess joint alignment and function, along with imaging studies such as X-rays or MRI scans to confirm the extent of displacement. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity. Mild cases may be managed with rest, physical therapy, and targeted exercises to strengthen supporting muscles and improve joint stability. More severe or recurrent subluxations may require medical intervention, such as bracing, injections of corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid, or in persistent cases, surgical stabilization procedures.

Prevention focuses on maintaining joint health through proper warm-up routines, strength training, and avoiding repetitive motions that strain the joint. Early intervention is key to reducing the risk of chronic instability or further joint damage. While subluxation is not always a serious condition, persistent or severe cases should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate treatment plan.