Specifikimet

Specifikimet are the detailed descriptions of the requirements, characteristics, and constraints that a product, system, or process must meet. In project and product development, they establish a mutual understanding among stakeholders and serve as a reference for design, implementation, verification, and compliance. The term is commonly used in Albanian language contexts, but the concept is widely applied across industries.

Specifikimet typically distinguish between functional specifications, which describe what a system should do, and non-functional specifications, which describe how the system should behave, such as performance, reliability, security, and usability. Technical specifications identify hardware interfaces, software interfaces, data formats, and integration requirements. Additional types include design specifications, regulatory specifications, and safety or quality standards.

Creating specifikimet involves elicitation, analysis, and documentation, often using a structured template. They should be testable, traceable to business goals, and versioned to track changes. During development, requirements are validated with stakeholders and verified through reviews, prototypes, simulations, or acceptance tests. Proper specifications help prevent scope creep and support effective procurement and risk management.

Specifications are guided by industry standards and best practices, such as software or system requirements standards and product specification guidelines. They may be accompanied by diagrams, data dictionaries, and acceptance criteria. Examples include a product specification for a smartphone detailing dimensions, processor, memory, battery, cameras, and connectivity, or a software requirements specification describing features and performance targets.