Skolioosia

Skolioosia is a term used in some medical literature to describe a spinal deformity involving abnormal lateral curvature and vertebral rotation. The name combines Greek roots meaning bent and condition. Unlike scoliosis, skolioosia is not universally standardized; its exact criteria vary by source, and in many contexts the two terms are used interchangeably or to describe scoliosis-like deformities arising from specific etiologies.

Patients may present with asymmetry of the shoulders or hips and a rib hump on forward bending. Pain is variable; cosmetic concerns are common. The severity is typically quantified by the Cobb angle on standing radiographs, with mild (<25°), moderate (25–40°), and severe (>40°) categories.

Causes are diverse and may include idiopathic processes, congenital vertebral malformations, neuromuscular disorders, connective tissue syndromes, trauma, or iatrogenic factors. Skolioosia often overlaps with scoliosis, and careful evaluation is needed to identify underlying etiologies.

Diagnosis relies on physical examination and imaging. Standing full-spine X-rays establish the curvature and Cobb angle; MRI may be used to evaluate the spinal cord and inner anatomy when red flags are present; CT or 3D imaging can aid surgical planning.

Management depends on severity and progression and may include observation for mild curves, bracing to halt progression in skeletally immature patients, and physical therapy. Surgical options such as posterior spinal fusion with instrumentation are considered for progressive or functionally limiting deformities, typically after thorough multidisciplinary assessment.

The prognosis varies with cause and severity. In many cases, skolioosia is stable with conservative management, but untreated significant curves can impact posture and, in thoracic deformities, respiratory function. Evidence is limited, and the term is less widely used than scoliosis.