Skins

Skin is the largest organ of the body in humans and many animals. In humans, the skin is part of the integumentary system and consists mainly of two layers: the epidermis and the dermis, with a layer beneath called the subcutaneous tissue. The epidermis is a protective outer layer, while the dermis contains connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and glands. The skin protects against injury and infection, helps regulate temperature, and enables sensation.

Biology and function are complemented by cellular and microbial components. Key skin cell types include keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells, and Merkel cells. The epidermis renews itself through cell turnover, and the dermis provides strength and elasticity via collagen and elastin. The skin hosts a microbiome and participates in vitamin D synthesis when exposed to sunlight. Wound healing involves stages of hemostasis, inflammation, tissue formation, and remodeling.

In digital media, skins refer to cosmetic appearances applied to characters, vehicles, or items in video games and software. Skins change visual appearance without typically altering core gameplay mechanics. They are often monetized through microtransactions, loot boxes, or seasonal passes and may feature rarity or limited availability. Ownership can be tied to licenses or platform accounts; some skins are tradable in marketplaces, while others are non-transferable.

In software and hardware contexts, skinning describes applying themes or decals to alter the look of user interfaces or devices. This includes desktop and mobile themes, app skins, and device covers or protective films. Skinning aims to separate appearance from function and can affect usability or performance if poorly implemented. Overall, skins cover biological, digital, and design domains, centered on cosmetic alteration without changing fundamental structure.