Scratchbygg

Scratchbygg, also known as scratch-building, is the practice of constructing models or objects from raw materials without using commercially produced kits. The term is used in modeling disciplines such as scale railroading, ship and aircraft modeling, architectural maquettes, and tabletop miniatures. A scratch-built model is typically designed to a chosen scale and may involve custom-shaped components, reference plans, and meticulous detailing to achieve accuracy or a distinctive visual style.

Common materials include wood such as basswood or plywood, plastic sheet stock (styrene), metal parts (brass, aluminum), resin or plaster for details, and occasionally foam or cardboard for the basic structure. Builders often combine techniques—cutting and shaping frames, planking hulls, fabricating brackets, and soldering metal parts—then assemble with adhesives and clamps. Finishing steps include sanding, priming, painting, weathering, and adding tiny details by hand.

The process generally starts with a plan or reference, followed by scale calculations, pattern making, and layout. Prototyping and iterative fitting help ensure parts align properly. Tooling ranges from basic hobby knives and rulers to files, saws, calipers, and various glues, with clamps to hold components during assembly. Some scratch builders use computer-aided design or 3D-printed components to supplement hand-work, though the core method remains manual fabrication.

Scratch-building offers high customization, potential historical accuracy, and valuable learning opportunities but can be time-consuming and technically demanding. It contrasts with kit-building or kitbashing, where pre-made parts or partially assembled components are used. Communities share plans, tips, and project photos to preserve techniques and inspire newcomers.