Saturaasyon

Saturaasyon refers to the state in which a system has absorbed as much as possible of a substance, energy, or signal under the given conditions. In such a state, additional input does not produce a proportional increase in effect.

In chemistry and solution science, a saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature and pressure. If more solute is added, it tends to crystallize. Solubility depends on temperature and pressure; the concept can be extended to liquids and gases.

In color theory and imaging, saturation measures the vividness of a color. A fully saturated color contains no gray and is closest to the pure spectral hue. Digital systems express saturation in color models such as HSV or HSL; increasing saturation boosts intensity but can cause clipping or unreal colors in photos.

In physics and engineering, magnetic saturation occurs when magnetization reaches a maximum and stops increasing with the applied magnetic field. Electrical devices also show saturation, such as amplifiers reaching their output limit or transistors leaving the active region.

In nutrition, saturated fats are fatty acids without double bonds. They are typically solid at room temperature and common in animal fats and certain tropical oils. Diets high in saturated fat have been linked with cardiovascular risk; guidelines often recommend limiting intake compared with unsaturated fats.

In other fields, saturation describes a limit to detectable or possible change: for example, signal processing uses dynamic-range saturation; ecology or resource management may consider saturation points where population or resource use levels off.