SMARTmethode

The SMARTmethode (often written SMART method or SMART criteria) is a framework for setting clear, actionable objectives. It is widely used in management, project planning, performance appraisal and personal development to improve goal formulation and increase the likelihood of achievement.

The concept originated in 1981 with George T. Doran’s paper "There’s a S.M.A.R.T. way to write management’s goals and objectives." SMART is an acronym that commonly stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable (or Attainable), Relevant (or Realistic) and Time-bound. In German usage the components are frequently given as Spezifisch, Messbar, Erreichbar, Relevant and Terminiert. Different organizations may adapt or interpret these terms to suit context.

Proponents argue the method promotes clarity, focus and accountability by encouraging goals that can be evaluated and tracked. It is applied in business strategy, individual performance targets, education and non-profit planning, often as part of broader planning methodologies.

Criticisms and limitations include potential oversimplification of complex or qualitative objectives, an emphasis on short-term or easily quantifiable outcomes, and the risk of encouraging conservative goal-setting to ensure measurability. To address these issues, variants such as SMARTER (adding Evaluated and Reviewed) or adaptations that emphasize stretch goals and qualitative indicators have been developed.

The SMARTmethode remains a popular practical tool for goal-setting, valued for its accessibility and adaptability across sectors.