Päikesepõletuse

Päikesepõletus is the Estonian term for sunburn. It is a form of radiation burn that results from exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, most commonly from the sun. UV radiation damages the DNA in skin cells, leading to inflammation and redness. The severity of a päikesepõletus can range from mild redness and discomfort to severe blistering and pain. Symptoms typically appear a few hours after exposure and can take several days to resolve. Prolonged or repeated exposure to UV radiation without adequate protection can lead to long-term skin damage, including premature aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.

Prevention is key to avoiding päikesepõletus. This involves limiting exposure during peak sun hours, seeking shade, and wearing protective clothing such as hats and long-sleeved shirts. Sunscreen with a high Sun Protection Factor (SPF) should be applied generously and reapplied frequently, especially after swimming or sweating. It is important to protect all exposed skin, including areas often overlooked like the ears and the back of the neck. Children and individuals with fair skin are particularly susceptible to sunburn and require extra precautions.

Treatment for mild päikesepõletus focuses on relieving discomfort and promoting healing. This includes staying hydrated, applying cool compresses or aloe vera gel to the affected area, and taking over-the-counter pain relievers if necessary. It is crucial to avoid further sun exposure while the skin heals. Severe sunburns, especially those with blistering or signs of dehydration or infection, require medical attention. Repeated sunburns significantly increase the lifetime risk of developing melanoma and other skin cancers.