Puutarhatalous

Puutarhatalous is the Finnish term for horticulture, the branch of agriculture concerned with the cultivation of plants for food, ornament, and utility. It encompasses the production of fruits, vegetables, herbs, ornamental plants, trees, shrubs and turf, as well as activities related to landscaping, garden design and urban green space management.

Practices in puutarhatalous range from small-scale home gardening to commercial greenhouse production and nursery operations. Techniques include propagation, soil and nutrient management, pest and disease control, irrigation, pruning and post-harvest handling. In Finland, the sector often relies on protected cultivation and season-extension methods such as greenhouses and high tunnels because of the northern climate and limited growing season.

Economic and social roles of puutarhatalous include supplying fresh produce and ornamental plants, supporting rural and urban livelihoods, and contributing to food security and wellbeing. The sector integrates traditional knowledge with modern technologies like controlled-environment agriculture, hydroponics and mechanical automation to improve yield, quality and sustainability.

Environmental considerations in puutarhatalous focus on resource efficiency, soil health, biodiversity and reducing chemical inputs. Sustainable approaches promote integrated pest management, organic practices, water conservation and use of native or climate-adapted species. Education, research and extension services support innovation, policy development and training for practitioners in the field.