Puristushäiriö

Puristushäiriö, also known as a malocclusion, refers to a condition where the teeth do not align properly when the jaws are closed. This misalignment can affect the upper and lower teeth, or the relationship between the jaws themselves. Causes can be genetic, such as inherited jaw size or tooth shape, or environmental, including prolonged thumb sucking, pacifier use, or early loss of baby teeth. Other contributing factors can be habits like tongue thrusting or mouth breathing.

Symptoms of puristushäiriö vary depending on the severity and type of misalignment. Common signs include uneven wear of teeth, difficulty chewing or biting food, speech impediments, and increased risk of tooth decay and gum disease due to the difficulty of cleaning misaligned teeth. Some individuals may also experience jaw pain or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Aesthetic concerns about the appearance of the teeth can also be a significant issue for those affected.

Diagnosis is typically made by a dentist or orthodontist through a physical examination, dental X-rays, and impressions of the teeth. Treatment aims to correct the misalignment and improve function and aesthetics. Orthodontic treatments, such as braces or clear aligners, are common methods used to gradually move teeth into their correct positions. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct severe jaw discrepancies. Early diagnosis and intervention are often beneficial, particularly in children, to guide proper dental and jaw development.