Prelabor

Prelabor is the phase before active labor when the body begins preparing for birth. It is sometimes called prodromal labor or false labor, though these terms can have slightly different clinical meanings in different settings. Prelabor may occur days or hours before true labor and does not always happen in every pregnancy. People may notice a range of signs, or none at all, during this period.

Common signs include irregular contractions that do not become regular or progressively stronger, often referred to as Braxton Hicks contractions. Other signs can include mild backache or pelvic pressure, abdominal cramps, changes in vaginal discharge or leaking of small amounts of fluid, and the cervix beginning to soften (effacement) or to dilate slightly. Some women also experience “lightening,” the sensation that the baby has moved lower into the pelvis. The exact pattern and duration of prelabor signs vary widely.

Prelabor is distinct from active labor, which features regular contractions that intensify and persist, leading to progressive cervical dilation. In many cases, prelabor contractions fade with rest, hydration, or activity, and do not result in active labor. However, prodromal labor can be confusing because contractions may feel real and persistent even though they do not signal the start of active labor.

When to seek care: seek medical advice or evaluation if contractions become regular (for example, every five minutes) for an hour or more, if membranes rupture or there is leakage of fluid, if there is vaginal bleeding, severe abdominal or chest pain, fever, or decreased fetal movement.

Management and prognosis: for many pregnancies, prelabor resolves without intervention. Rest, hydration, and monitoring are commonly advised, with prompt contact to a healthcare provider if concerning symptoms arise.