Prehypertension

Prehypertension is a medical condition characterized by a blood pressure level that is higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as hypertension. According to the American Heart Association, prehypertension is defined as a blood pressure reading of 120-139/80-89 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) for individuals aged 18 or older.

Prehypertension is often considered a transitional phase between normal blood pressure and actual hypertension. People with prehypertension are at higher risk of developing hypertension, heart disease, kidney disease, and stroke. Researchers believe that prehypertension is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including age, obesity, physical inactivity, and certain medical conditions, such as insulin resistance and sleep apnea.

The good news is that lifestyle modifications can help prevent the progression from prehypertension to hypertension. Regular physical activity, a healthy diet, and weight management can all contribute to reducing blood pressure levels. Reducing sodium intake and stress levels, quitting smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption are also recommended.

If left untreated, prehypertension can lead to actual hypertension, which significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Regular blood pressure checks with a healthcare provider are essential for people with prehypertension. Healthcare providers often recommend lifestyle modifications, such as those mentioned above, and may prescribe medication if blood pressure levels continue to increase despite these changes. Early detection and intervention can help prevent the progression of prehypertension to hypertension and reduce the risk of related health complications.