Pandits

Pandit is a title or honorific used in South Asia for a learned person, particularly a priest or scholar in Hinduism, Jainism, or Buddhism. The term derives from Sanskrit pandita, meaning "wise, learned person, teacher." In Hindu contexts, pandits traditionally perform temple rites, officiate ceremonies such as weddings, and recite or teach scriptures, including the Vedas, Upanishads, and other dharmic texts. They may also be consulted on matters of astrology, ritual, and calendar computations. Historically, pandits were part of the Brahmin priestly class, but the designation has also applied to scholars and teachers within other communities.

Geographically, the term is used across India and Nepal, as well as within diaspora communities. In Nepal, pandit is a common honorific for Brahmin priests and scholars. In the Kashmir Valley, "Kashmiri Pandits" denotes a distinct Brahmin community traditionally engaged in priestly and scholarly duties. In modern India, the word is also used as a courtesy title for respected experts in various fields, including literature, philosophy, and music. Many Hindustani classical vocalists and instrumentalists who have achieved mastery are known with the title Pandit, e.g., Pandit Ravi Shankar or Pandit Jasraj.

The word is closely related to the English "pundit," though usage can vary by region and context. Contemporary usage often emphasizes scholarly expertise or priestly function, rather than caste identity alone.