PFM

PFM is an acronym with multiple meanings across different fields, so its interpretation depends on the context in which it is used.

In electronics and signal processing, PFM stands for Pulse-Frequency Modulation, a modulation technique that varies the frequency of a fixed-amplitude pulse train to encode the input signal. It is related to pulse-width modulation (PWM) and delta modulation and is used in certain communications and power-conversion applications. In low-power DC-DC converters, PFM can improve efficiency at light loads by reducing switching frequency.

In public administration and economics, PFM means Public Financial Management, the framework of budgeting, accounting, procurement, and auditing used by governments. Its goals include transparency, accountability, and efficient allocation of resources. Reforms often focus on improving cash management, fiscal reporting, internal controls, and debt management, with support from international organizations.

In the consumer-finance software space, PFM refers to Personal Finance Management, a set of tools for individuals to manage money, track spending, create budgets, and forecast cash flow, often integrated into online banking platforms.

In typography and printing, PFM stands for Printer Font Metrics, a file format used on Windows to store metrics for Type 1 and other fonts, providing glyph dimensions, kerning data, and layout information used by printers and applications.

Note that PFM can have other domain-specific meanings as well; the correct interpretation depends on the surrounding context.