Oxynotidae

Oxynotidae is a small family of sharks belonging to the order Squaliformes. The family currently contains only one extant genus, Oxynotus, and a few described species. These sharks are characterized by their extremely stout, deep bodies, which are unlike the more typical fusiform shape of most sharks. They also possess a distinctive series of dorsal spines that are erectile and can be locked into an erect position. Another notable feature is the presence of a ridge running along the ventral side of their body.

Oxynotids are generally small, rarely exceeding 1.5 meters in length. They are benthic or demersal, meaning they live on or near the seafloor. Their diet typically consists of small invertebrates and fish. They are found in temperate and tropical waters worldwide, often inhabiting deeper continental slopes and offshore seamounts. Due to their deep-water habitat and limited distribution, sightings of Oxynotidae are relatively uncommon, and much of their biology and behavior remains poorly understood.

The family is thought to have a global distribution in deeper waters, with species found in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. Their slow-moving nature and unusual body shape are believed to be adaptations to their benthic lifestyle. Reproduction in Oxynotidae is ovoviviparous, meaning the eggs hatch inside the mother's body, and the young are born live. Little is known about their reproductive rates or the gestation period. The conservation status of most Oxynotidae species is not well-assessed due to limited data.